4th Edition of Psychiatry and Addiction World Conference 2026

Abstract

In recent years, Indonesia has experienced a significant shift in its rehabilitation landscape, marked by the closure of numerous centers previously dedicated to substance use recovery. This phenomenon reflects broader structural and policy transformations that have altered both the orientation and population of rehabilitation services. While drug rehabilitation programs have been declining, the majority of existing institutions now accommodate people with mental disorders (ODGJ) and people with mental vulnerabilities (ODMK)—indicating a transition from addiction-focused care toward mental health–centered treatment.

This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach through semi-structured interviews with representatives from ten rehabilitation centers that have ceased operations and five that continue to operate. Data were analyzed thematically to identify recurring patterns and causal dynamics underlying institutional closure and population shifts.

Findings reveal a strong correlation between three interrelated dynamics: (1) Institutional fragility driven by unstable funding and restrictive legal frameworks surrounding drug use; (2) Administrative reclassification, where addiction-related conditions are increasingly categorized as mental health disorders; and (3) Operational adaptation, where surviving centers adjust services to align with government mental health programs for sustainability.

The study concludes that Indonesia’s rehabilitation sector is undergoing a systemic transformation in which addiction recovery services are being displaced by mental health–oriented frameworks. This institutional shift, shaped by policy enforcement and stigma, underscores the urgent need for integrated approaches that protect the right to recovery and ensure balanced care for both substance use and mental health populations.